Introduction: The History Of Molecular Cell Biology. Evolution And The Cell Theory -- Classical Biochemistry And Genetics -- The Merging Of Genetics And Biochemistry -- The Birth Of Molecular Biology -- A Modern View Of Cell Structure -- Part I. Molecules, Cells, Proteins, And Experimental Techniques: A Primer. [ch. 1] Chemical Foundations -- Energy -- Chemical Bonds -- Chemical Equilibrium -- Ph And The Concentration Of Hydrogen Ions -- The Direction Of Chemical Reactions -- Activation Energy And Reaction Rate -- [ch. 2] Molecules In Cells Proteins -- Enzymes -- Antibodies -- Nucleic Acids -- Dna -- Lipids And Biomembranes -- Carbohydrates -- The Primacy Of Proteins -- [ch. 3] Synthesis Of Proteins And Nucleic Acids -- Rules For The Synthesis Of Proteins And Nucleic Acids -- Protein Synthesis: The Three Roles Of Rna -- The Steps In Protein Synthesis -- Nucleic Acid Synthesis -- [ch. 4] The Study Of Cell Organization And Subcellular Structure -- Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Cells -- Light Microscopy And Cell Architecture -- Electron Microscopy -- Sorting Cells And Their Parts -- The Organelles Of The Eukaryotic Cells -- [ch. 5] Growing And Manipulating Cells And Viruses -- Types Of Cell Division -- The Cell Cycle In Prokaryotes Consists Of Dna Replication Followed Immediately By Cell Division -- Eukaryotic Dna Synthesis Occurs In A Special Phase Of The Cell Cycle -- The Growth Of Microorganisms And Cells In Culture -- Cell Fusion: An Important Technique In Somatic-cell Genetics -- Dna Transfer Into Eukaryotic Cells -- Viruses: Structures And Function. [ch.6] Manipulating Macromolecules -- Radioisotopes: The Indispensible Modern Means Of Following Biological Activity -- Determining The Size Of Nucleic Acids And Proteins -- Examining The Sequences Of Nucleic Acids And Proteins -- Recombinant Dna: Selection And Production Of Specific Dna -- Controlled Deletions And Base-specific Mutagenesis Of Dna -- Synthetic Peptide And Nucleotide Sequences: Their Use In Isolating And Identifying Genes -- Part Ii. Gene Expression, Structure, And Replication -- [ch.7] Rna Synthesis And Gene Control In Prokaryotes -- Overall Strategy Of Prokaryotic Gene Control -- Control Of Transcriptional Initiation -- Negative Control Of Transcription: The Lactose Operon -- Positive Control Of Transcription: The Arabinose Operon -- Compound Control Of Transcription -- Control Of Regulatory Proteins -- Control Of Transcriptional Termination -- Bacteriophage A Infection: Alternative Physiologic States Determined By A Complex Transcriptional Control Program -- Global Control In E. Coli -- Stability Of Biopolymers In Bacterial Cells -- [ch.8] Rna Synthesis And Processing In Eukaryotes -- Relationship Of Nuclear And Cytoplasmic Rna -- Function And Structure Of Rna Polymerases -- Three Methods For Mapping Transcription Units -- Synthesis And Processing Of Pre-rrna -- Synthesis And Processing Of 5s Rrna And Trnas -- Synthesis And Processing Of Mrnas: General Pathway -- Transcription Of Mrna Genes By Rna Polymerase Ii -- Conversion Of Hnrna To Mrna -- Variations On The Splicing Theme, Including Self-splicing -- Mrnas May Be Directed Toward Specific Cytoplasmic Sites. [ch.9] The Structure Of Eukaryotic Chromosomes -- Morphology And Functional Elements Of Eukaryotic Chromosomes -- Structure Of Chromatin -- Biologic Definitions Of A Gene -- Molecular Definition Of A Gene -- [ch.10] Eukaryotic Chromosomes And Genes: Molecular Anatomy -- Major Classes Of Eukaryotic Dna -- Solitary Protein-coding Genes -- Duplicated Protein-coding Genes -- Tandemly Repeated Genes Encoding Rrna, Trna, And Histones -- Repetitious Dna Fractions -- Simple-sequence Dna -- Intermediate Repeat Dna And Mobile Dna Elements -- Functional Rearrangements In Chromosomal Dna -- [ch.11] Gene Control And The Molecular Genetics Of Development In Eukaryotes -- The Purpose Of Gene Control In Unicellular Versus Multicellular Organisms -- Variations In Proteins Among Cell Types -- The Three Components Of Gene Control: Signals, Levels, And Mechanisms -- Signals For Gene Control -- Experimental Demonstration Of Transcriptional Control -- Structure And Function Of Dna-binding Proteins That Regulate Transcription Of Protein-coding Genes -- Transcriptional Control Of Yeast Cell Specificity -- Gene Control In Animal Cells -- Control Of Regulatory-protein Activity And Possible Effects Of Chromatin Structure On Gene Activity -- Control Of Transcriptional Termination -- Differential Processing Of Pre-mrna -- Overlapping Transcription Units: Transcriptional Control Not Processing Control -- Regulation Of Ribosomal Rna -- Cytoplasmic Control Of Gene Expression. [ch. 12] Dna Replication, Repair, And Recombination -- General Features Of Dna Synthesis And Replication -- Initiation And Propagation Of A Dna Chain At A Growing Fork -- Topoisomerases And Superhelicity In Dna -- Assembly Of Dna Into Nucleosomes -- Repair Of Dna -- Recombination Between Homologous Dna Sites -- Part Iii. Cell Structure And Function -- [ch. 13] The Plasma Membrane -- The Architecture Of Lipid Membranes -- Membrane Proteins -- Principles Of Membrane Organization -- The Erythrocyte Membrane: Cytoskeletal Attachment -- Specialized Regions Of The Plasma Membrane -- Types Of Cell Junctions -- [ch. 14] Transport Across Cell Membranes -- Passive Transport Across The Cell Membrane -- Ion Channels, Intracellular Ion Environment, And Membrane Electric Potential -- Active Ion Transport And Atp Hydrolysis -- Cotransport: Symport And Antiport -- Transport Into Prokaryotic Cells -- Osmosis, Movement Of Water, And The Regulation Of Cell Volume -- The Internalization Of Macromolecules And Particles -- Receptor-mediated Endocytosis -- Entry Of Viruses And Toxins Into Cells -- [ch. 15] Energy Conversion: The Formation Of Atp In Mitochondria And Bacteria -- Energy Metabolism In The Cytosol -- Mitochondria And The Metabolism Of Carbohydrates And Lipids -- The Proton-motive Force, Atp Generation, And Transport Of Metabolite Closed Vesicles Are Required For The Generation Of Atp -- Nadh, Electron Transport, And Proton Pumping -- Metabolic Regulation. [ch. 16] Photosynthesis -- An Overview Of Photosynthesis In Plants -- The Light-absorbing Steps Of Photosynthesis -- Molecular Analysis Of Bacterial Photosynthesis -- The Structure And Function Of The Two Plant Photosystems: Psi And Psii -- Co2 Metabolism During Photosynthesis -- [ch. 17] Plasma-membrane, Secretory, And Lysosome Proteins: Biosynthesis And Sorting -- The Synthesis Of Membrane Lipids -- Sites Of Organelle- And Membrane-protein Synthesis -- Overall Pathway For The Synthesis Of Secretory And Membrane Proteins -- The Transport Of Secretory And Membrane Proteins Into Or Across The Er Membrane -- Posttranslational Modifications Of Secretory And Membrane Proteins In The Rough -- Golgi Vesicles: Sorting And Glycosylation Of Secretory And Membrane Proteins -- Golgi And Post-golgi Sorting And Processing Of Secretory And Membrane Proteins -- [ch. 18] Organelle Biogenesis: The Nucleus, Chloroplast, And Mitochondrion -- Assembly And Disassembly Of The Nuclear Membrane -- Protein Import Into The Cell Nucleus -- Mitochondrial Dna: Structure, Expression, And Variability Synthesis And Localization Of Mitochondrial Proteins -- Chioroplast Dna And Biogenesis Of Plastids -- [ch. 19] Cell-to-cell Signaling: Hormones And Receptors -- The Role Of Extracellular Signals In Cellular Metabolism -- Identification And Purification Of Cell- Surface Receptors -- Epinephrine Receptors And The Activation Of Adenylate Cyclase -- Camp And Regulation Of Cellular Metabolism -- Ca2+ Ions, Inositol Phosphates, And 1,2- Diacylglycerol As Second Messengers -- Insulin And Glucagon: Hormone Regulation Of Blood Glucose Levels -- Receptor Regulation -- Hormones And Cell-to-cell Signaling In Microorganisms -- Plant Hormones And Plant Growth And Differentiation. [ch. 20] Nerve Cells And The Electric Properties Of Cell Membranes -- Neurons, Synapses, And Nerve Circuits -- The Action Potential And Conduction Of Electric Impulses -- Molecular Properties Of Voltage-gated Ion Channel Proteins -- Synapses And Impulse Transmission -- Synaptic Transmission And The Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor -- Functions Of Other Neurotransmitters And Their Receptors -- Memory And Neurotransmitters -- Sensory Transduction: The Visual System -- [ch. 21] Microtubules And Cellular Movements -- Structure And Diversity Of Microtubules -- Structural And Kinetic Polarity Of Microtubules -- Heterogenity Of A- And B-tubulin -- Intracellular Transport Via Microtubules -- Cilia And Flagella: Structure And Movement -- Basal Bodies And Centrioles: Structure And Properties -- Function Of Microtubules In Mitosis -- [ch. 22] Actin, Myosin, And Intermediate Filaments: Cell Movements And Cell Shape -- Actin And Myosin Filaments -- Muscle Structure And Function -- Actin And Myosin In Nonmuscle Cells -- Intermediate Filaments -- [ch. 23] Multicellularity: Cell-cell And Cell-matrix Interactions -- The Extracellular Matrix Serves Many Functions -- Collagen: A Class Of Multifunctional Fibrous Proteins -- Hyaluronic Acid And Proteoglycans -- Laminin, Fibronectin, And Other Multiadhesive Matrix Glycoproteins -- Cell-cell Adhesion Proteins -- Cell And Matrix Interactions During Development -- Cell And Matrix Interactions During Neuron Development -- Structure And Function Of The Plant Cell Wall -- Part Iv. The New Biology: Facing Classic Questions At The Frontier. [ch. 24] Cancer Characteristics Of Tumor Cells -- Use Of Cell Cultures In Cancer Research -- Dna Viruses As Transforming Agents -- Rna-containing Retroviruses As Transforming Agents -- Human Tumor Viruses -- Chemical Carcinogens -- The Role Of Radiation And Dna Repair In Carcinogenesis -- Oncogenes And Their Proteins: Classification And Characteristics -- The Role Of Cellular Oncogenes In Carcinogenesis -- The Multicausal, Multistep Nature Of Carcinogenesis -- Human Cancer -- [ch. 25] Immunity -- Overview -- Antibodies And The Generation Of Diversity -- The Antigen-independent Phase Of B-lymphocyte Maturation T Lymphocytes -- The Antigen-dependent Phase Of The Immune Response -- [ch. 26] Evolution Of Cells -- Prebiotic Synthesis -- Rna Catalysis: A Basis For A Precellular Genetic System? -- A Reconstructive Analysis Of Cell Lineages -- Evolution Of Gene Structure: Lessons From Present-day Intron Distributions. James Darnell, Harvey Lodish, David Baltimore. Includes Bibliographical References And Index.

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